INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - Volume 8 Issue 11, Aug-Sep
Pages: 10-20
Date of Publication: 02-Aug-2019
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A SPECTROSCOPIC EVIDENCE FOR REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES PRODUCTION BY L-TRYPTOPHAN PHOTO OXIDATION FOR PGSA DENDRIMER-PROTOPORPHYRIN IX NANOFORMULATION
Author: M. Suresh Kumar1, 2, *, P. Aruna1 and S. Ganesan1
Category: Medicinal Article
Abstract:
Photodynamic therapy is an emerging modality for cancer treatment which involves the uptake of photosensitizer by cancer tissues followed by photo irradiation. Based upon the action of light activated photosensitizer in the excited state with the molecular oxygen, Reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals formed due to electron transfer or energy transfer process are very toxic to cancer cells that can react with biomolecules and causes cell death. The present study describes the spectroscopic method of identification of ROS production for a model photosensitizer (PS), protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in free and after loaded inside the biocompatible dendrimeric nano carrier with the help of decrease in tryptophan emission intensity at 286nm excitation. The photochemical reaction of L-tryptophan with ROS after light treatment indicates, this may be due to photo-oxidation of tryptophan. This information supports to explore our study as spectroscopic evidence for monitoring the ROS production during photodynamic therapy.
Keywords: Photodynamic therapy, biocompatible anionic dendrimer, Reactive oxygen species, Protoporphyrin IX, Tryptophan, cancer, spectroscopy.
DOI: 10.31788/RJC.2019.1235149
DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/RJC.2019.1235149
Full Text:
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), plays a fascinating role in photodynamic therapy (PDT) related cell death with the combination of a photosensitizer (PS), a suitable light source that matches the maximum absorption peak of PS and molecular oxygen in the cancer tissue. Hydroxyl radials (OH), superoxide anion (O2 ? ), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and singlet oxygen (1O2) are known as ROS which can be generated by Type I or Type II mechanism in PDT, regulates the cell death1, 2. It is noteworthy that ROS are oxidizing agents, targets and directly react with many biological molecules of which amino acid residues (cysteine, methionine, tyrosine, histidine, and tryptophan) in proteins are of particular interest3, 4 . It is suitable to say, the production of ROS due to molecular reaction is dependent on PS concentration 4 . Juliana et al have described the possibility of ROS to react with different components of the cell in particular, tryptophan can be decayed by other ROS, but the 1O2 can readily degrade tryptophan selectively by photo oxidation4, 5 and also quantified the amount of singlet oxygen produced by a PS using a colorimetric assay4 . A PDT agent with good ROS quantum yield is supposed to have good PDT efficacy. There is also a statement that, H2O2 one of the products of ROS is effective in producing DNA damage and lipid peroxidation, more appropriate than 1O2 2 . But the 1O2 generated information can be obtained from the oxidation of amino acid residues which are more liable to be attacked by 1O2 4, 6 which is advantageous to quantify spectral fluorometrically7 .In this context, native fluorescence spectroscopic study was carried out to explore whether it is possible to spot out the production of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) using chemical L-tryptophan fo
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