<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<ArticleSet>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>developer</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>International journal of Information Technology</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN/>
      <EISSN>n</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>Volume 40 issue 1</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>2021</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>-0001</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Subject-1</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Demographic Data of 100 Strabismus Cases</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>62</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>67</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Zeena Adnan Abd1</FirstName>
          <LastName>*</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Haala Ayad Salman2</FirstName>
          <LastName/>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>Introduction: Strabismus is a common visual disorder in which there is misalignment of the two eyes and it may dramatically affect the visual function.Aim: to study the demographic data, type of squint and the level of visual acuity at presentation, for 100 cases diagnosed to have squint with an age ranging from 1 to18 years.Study design: retrospective study.Method: data was collectedfrom medical records of 100 cases diagnosed to have strabismus including age, sex, type of squint and the level of visual acuity at presentation.Result:no major gender difference was detected,the most commonly affected age group was from 6 to 12 years, esotropia cases represented 62% , while exotropia formed 38% of all cases, the majority , that is 80% of cases showed subnormal visual acuity; vision below 6/6. Conclusion: squint is a major visual health problems, affecting mostly children at primary school age, so targeting preschool children with proper screening programs will decrease the number of children with reduced visual function who are attending primary schools, hence optimizing their learning ability.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>strabismus, visual acuity, esotropia, exotropia, preschool children</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://developer.ubipayroll.com/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=13126&amp;title=Demographic Data of 100 Strabismus Cases</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References>(1)AAO Basic Ophthalmology: Essentials for Medical Students, Tenth Edition, Louis B. Cantor, Christopher J. Rapuano, 2016, 195:196\&#13;
&#13;
(2) Robaei D, Rose KA, Kifley A, et al. Factors associated with childhood strabismus: findings from a population-based study. Ophthalmology July 2006; 113(7):1146-53.&#13;
&#13;
(3) Textbook of Ophthalmology , HV Nema, N. Nema ,5th edition , 2008,362-379&#13;
&#13;
(4) AAO Basic Ophthalmology Essentials for Students 10th Ed.2016,199,200&#13;
&#13;
(5) Nelson LB, Wagner RS, Simon JW, Harley RD. Congenital esotropia. SurvOphthalmol. 1987;31:363–83.&#13;
&#13;
(6)Friedman Z, Neuman E, Hyams SW, Peleg B. Ophthalmic screening of 38,000 children, age 1 to 2 years,in child welfare clinics. J PediatrOphthalmolStrab. 1980;17:261-267.&#13;
&#13;
(7) Graham PA. Epidemiology of strabismus. Br J Ophthalmol,1974; 58:224-231&#13;
&#13;
(8) Pediatric Ophthalmology A Clinical GuidePamela F. Gallin, 2000,134&#13;
&#13;
(9) Jampotsky A. Management of exodeviations. In: Haik GM, ed. Strabismus: Symposium of the New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1962:140-156.&#13;
&#13;
(10) Cooper J, Medow N. Intermittent exotropia – Basic and divergence excess type: Major review. BIN Vision Eye Musc Quart. 1993;8:185–216.&#13;
&#13;
(11) Wiggins RE, von Noorden GK. Monocular eye closure insunlight. J PediatrOphthalmol Strabismus. 1990;27:16–20.&#13;
&#13;
(12) Elston J. Concomitant strabismus. In: Taylor D, ed. Paediatric Ophthalmology. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1997&#13;
&#13;
(13) Prevalence of amblyopia among defaulters of preschool vision screening.Newman DK, East MM OphthalmicEpidemiol. 2000 Mar; 7(1):67-71.&#13;
&#13;
(14) Australia.Brown SA, Weih LM, Fu CL, Dimitrov P, Taylor HR, McCarty CA, Prevalence of amblyopia and associated refractive errors in an adult population in Victoria, Ophthalmic Epidemiol,2000 Dec; 7(4):249-58.&#13;
&#13;
(15)Adams GG, KarasMP,BrEffect of amblyopia on employment prospects.JOphthalmol. 1999 Mar; 83(3):380.&#13;
&#13;
(16) Hubel DH, Wiesel TN. Effects of mononuclear deprivationin kittens. Arch expPharmak. 1964;248:492-497.&#13;
&#13;
(17)Kanski Clinical ophthalmology: a systematic approach. 8th ed. Philadelphia:Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016. p. 737–8&#13;
&#13;
(18)Maria Nice Araujo,Moraes Rocha ,Aline Sanches,Fland;aacute;viaFernandes Pessoa,Gladsonda Silva Braz,Larah Pereira Rego,Luand;iacute;zaJand;aacute;como Auad,Pand;acirc;mela de Castro Araujo Ribeiro, Clinical forms and risk factors associated with strabismus in visual binocularity, Rev. bras.oftalmol. vol.75 no.1 Rio de Janeiro Jan./Feb. 2016&#13;
&#13;
(19)Elizabeth Mathew, Jasmine Mary Jacob ,Sheldon Goudinho, Prevalence of Strabismus in Patients with Cerebral Palsy in india. 2015. Corpus ID: 13318064&#13;
&#13;
(20)ParasAzam, NeelamNausheen, Muhammad Faisal Fahim, Prevalence of Strabismus and its type in Pediatric age group 6-15 years in a tertiary eye care hospital, Karachi Biometrics and; Biostatistics International Journal,2019, volume 8, issue 1 DOI: 10.15406/bbij.2019.08.00265&#13;
&#13;
(21) Theodore H Curtis 1, Maureen McClatchey, David T Wheeler, Epidemiology of Surgical Strabismus in Saudi Arabia, Ophthalmic. Epidimiology,oct 2010 ;17(5):307-14. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2010.508351&#13;
&#13;
(22)Bolutife A Olusanya, Mary O Ugalahi, Olusola Ayeni, Olufunmilayo Fawole, Aderonke M Baiyeroju, Common Forms of Strabismus in a Tertiary Eye Clinic in Southwest Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Ophthalmology, Year : 2019</References>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
</ArticleSet>